Pierre Elliott Trudeau - Canadas 15th Prime Minister free essay sample

PIERRE ELLIOTT TRUDEAUPierre Elliott was a 15thprime minister of Canada (1968–1979 and 1980–1984). He is the third longest serving Canadian prime minister in history. From 1961 to 1965 he was an assistant professor of law at the Montreal university in Canada. In 1960, Pierre Elliott Trudeau joining federal politic by the liberal part of Canada. In 1967 he toured the French-speaking African nations on behalf of the prime minister, Lester b Pearson, appointed him parliamentary secretary (1966) and minister of justice. His good identity and nonchalance of superfluous custom joined with his energetic thoughts, made him the most popular of the 20 candidates. On 6 April 1968, he. become a party leader after two weeks he became a prime minister of Canada.EARLY LIFETrudeau was born in the rich family, the son of a French businessman. Educated at Montreal University of Canada and London school of economics. After that he his return Quebec in 1949. trudeau support the union in the asbestos strike. We will write a custom essay sample on Pierre Elliott Trudeau Canadas 15th Prime Minister or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page in 1956 he edits a book on asbestos strike. In this book, he contributed in introduction and conclusion and the provinces social, political and economic values. In 1950-51, he was working in Ottawa as an adviser in the privy council office.TRUDEAU AND FEDERALISMAfter the liberal victory of the provincial election in 1960, the quiet revolution fulfilled some of Trudeaus hopes for change. At the same time, it revealed a deep rift between Trudeau and many of his former colleagues who were moving toward the idea of an independent Quà ©bec. As a law person teaching at the University of Montreal in the 1960s, Pierre Trudeau became a sharp critic of contemporary Quebec nationalism and argued for a Canadian federalism in which mean English and French Canada both have an equal right.CANADIAN MULTICULTURALISM POLICYIn 1971, Canadian prime minister Pierre Trudeau announced multiculturalism as a government policy in the house of commons. Multiculturalism policy provides freedom of all individuals recognition of the cultural contributions of diverse ethnic groups to Canadian society. Multiculturalism supports the use of languages in Canada English and French. This concept was again knowledge in 1982 the charter of right and freedom. On 21 July 1988 Canada government passed the Canadian multiculturalism act. Which mean government commitment to promote equal participation of individuals and comminutes of all origin in the continuous evolution in Canadian society.CULTURE LEGACYIn end years Pierre Trudeau ensured each the national gallery of Canada and the Canadian museum civilization had homes in the country capital. Government also enforced programs which mandated for the entertainment industry as well as the develop the Canadian media, culture and other many different industries. In 1970, secretary of state in the Canadian government introduced a policy of democratization and decentralization designed to reply to the divergent regional realities of Canada.

Democracy vs Communism essays

Democracy vs Communism essays Democracy and communism are two of the most different, yet important systems of government ever to be set into motion. While total democracy and total communism are not widely spread, the effects of both can be seen in the countries that adopted these forms of government years ago. This is done by the practice of the more modern forms of these two governing systems, liberal democracies and CPC states. Both communist and democratic governments have benefits and disadvantages; therefore many disagree about which may be best. One of the greatest distinctions between a communist and a democratic government are their conflicting economic systems. In a communist government, the goal is to abolish private property and class systems. The public owns the major resources and the means of production. Power is also held in common. The goal of the system is to hinder any individual person or group from becoming extremely wealthy, while others become excessively poor. By giving everyone equal pay and ownership, the system attempts to balance wealth between the previously rich and poor. Over time, the outcome became an increased lower class. However, in a democratic government, the economy prospers by allowing free enterprise. People can work hard for more money and profits. Money is most certainly a driving force in a democracy. Though, a downside might be someone that works just as hard and makes a minimum wage. But, democratic systems seem to be more economically successful that other forms of governmen t. . On the other hand, in a communist society a person can work infinitely harder than a coworker and receive the same pay by the end of the day. This fact has contributed to the downfall of communism. When employees have no incentive to work hard, they become lazy at their jobs which, in turn, drags down the economy. The success of democratic governments may be contributed to the fact of how ...

A Project Report On Alcon Mercedes Benz Marketing Essay

A Project Report On Alcon Mercedes Benz Marketing Essay Alcon Mercedes Benz dealership was started in Goa by Aakash Khaunte, MD of Alcon Enterporises in association with Mercedes- Benz India on May 10, 2009. With this dealership launch, Mercedes-Benz India became the first luxury car maker in India to open a dealership, in Goa.Strategically located in Porvorim,the new facility has a total area of 11,100 sq. ft and features a valet service, plush customer lounge & full-fledged workshop with an independent service facility for spares and service advantageously located in Taleigaon having a spread across of over 7500 sq. ft. of space. With an initial investment of INR 2.5 Crores, Alcon’s state-of-the-art dealership represents all the brand attributes of Mercedes-Benz: a magnificent showroom, drive-in valet service, a luxurious customer lounge and well trained staff to complete the Mercedes-Benz experience. Also inaugurated was the service center, equipped with five mechanical bays with very well trained service personnel geared to en sure quick, efficient service delivery. With establishment of the facility at Goa, Mercedes-Benz now enjoys a network spread across 26 cities with over 55 touch-points in India and retains the distinction of being the luxury player with the widest and most intensive network of sales and after-sales services in India. Goa is an important market for us, with an established base of over 125 Mercedes customers already in this region.   Ours is the first and the only luxury auto dealership in Goa- a fact that reinforces our seriousness and commitment about this market. Enter our big world of luxury and convenience. Enter the Alcon Mercedes-Benz showroom and you’ll understand what size really means. The 3-S showroom is executed on a large scale, with a magnificent facia built such that it can be spotted from far away with 200 sq mts. of display area. This glittering space houses spanking new Mercedes-Benzes which show themselves off and additionally there is a huge, plush custome r lounge, where you can relax while your paperwork is done. The whole showroom basks in an exclusive lighting arrangement that gives you the feeling that you’ve entered another world. The Research Research objective: To measure customer satisfaction on sales service provided by Alcon Mercedes Benz. Research methodology: Research Tool: Questionnaire Sampling Technique: Random sampling Sample size: 100. Sample frame: The respondents of this survey are the consumers of Alcon Mercedes Benz. Sample location: Consumers from the property of Alcon Mercedes Benz. Data collection method: Primary data The primary data for this survey was collected from the consumers from the property of Alcon Mercedes Benz through the distribution of questionnaire. Secondary data research Secondary data was generated from internet, magazines and by discussion with the manager. Graphical representation Tools for analysis: Tools such as cross tabulations, percentages, pie charts, column charts are used fo r analysing the data and arriving at the conclusion. Following are the graphical representations and tabulations of the same. Greetings/ welcome at showroom No. of response Highly satisfied Satisfied 40 Not satisfied not dissatisfied 7 Dissatisfied 2 Highly dissatisfied 0    Can you please mention your initial needs of a car No. of respondents Car design 10 Luxury 25 Performance in terms of mileage, power.

Theories of management (learning diary) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Theories of management (learning diary) - Essay Example Through this session, a deeper understanding of reasons why leadership and management are so closely related has been obtained by studying the trend of evolution of leadership concept with respect to management. Most of these theories have been based on different attributes of leaders, which made scholars define leadership and theorists theorize the concept of leadership. When these attributes no longer seemed to exist and/or situations had changed, the contingency theory of leadership emerged based on incidents and changing nature of management and demands. A concise view of leadership from emerging contemporary perspectives of management further throws light on how leaders are made and what makes leaders emerge. different viewpoints and ideologies. In general, it can be explained in relative terms based on the qualities and skills possessed, and situations. The underlying essence of leadership is to guide others and set new directions to achieve a goal or accomplish a task. The present leadership philosophy is an outcome of great leaders’ achievements of past. The leaders of past were not involved in management, but were able to direct, guide and mobilize people systematically for achievement of a common cause. Most of such known leaders from history are remembered even today, for example, Albert Einstein, Martin Luther King, Mahatma Gandhi to name a few, were leaders who changed the world through their principles based on humanity and spirituality. On the contrary, Adolf Hitler is also counted among the leaders of the world known for his able administration and creation of strong military regime that was able to devastate the entire world. These perspectives could be the precursors of development of different leadership concepts. the first to define leadership based on management functions including planning, organising, leading and controlling.

The Future of the Entertainment Media Industry and Your Contribution Scholarship Essay

The Future of the Entertainment Media Industry and Your Contribution Within It - Scholarship Essay Example Media and entertainment industry draws me like the magnet to improve my skills and to better my financial prospectus. By the time I graduate from the school, I have decided that my career is in the entertainment industry and sound engineering shall be my specialization. I begin to study the literature on this subject and settle on Full Sail University that offers specialized courses on a series of subjects related to the entertainment industry. This renowned University is rendering yeoman service in the world of recording arts since 1979. The University is moving with the times and it has profound understanding of the professional opportunities available to the students in the industry and trains them accordingly. Perfect audio and sound play a vital role in every segment of the entertainment industry. Movies and entertainment programs on the television that are broadcasted through thousands of channels all over the world provide immense scope to the students of recording arts. I have the opportunity to go through the details provided in â€Å"the University Hall of Fame regarding the extraordinary accomplishments of select Full Sail graduates who have sterling achievements to their credit in their career field.†(Recording, n. p.) I desire to be one of them and shape myself as a top entertainment and media professional. This, I believe, is possible by completing the 20 month/21-month campus bachelor’s degree program. Since the tuition fees devolved for this branch of study are high, possibly at present, I am unable to afford it. I submit my application for Creative Spark Scholarship amounting to $10,000, which will enable me to fulfill my ambition. I expect a favorable decision on my request for scholarship. This is the crucial period in my life, and I hope your benign intervention will do much to change the course of my life for better and

Comparison of the surfer - judith wright and strictly ballroom Essay Example for Free

Comparison of the surfer judith wright and strictly ballroom Essay In order to feel a true sense of belonging, one must endure and overcome challenges, for in doing so they gain an appreciation of self and self worth. Conversely, those who do not test themselves and the barriers, can only experience a superficial sense of belonging that can not result in a deep connection. Judith Wright’s poem â€Å"The Surfer† presents an individual who puts himself up against the waves everyday, and thrives on the feeling he gets when he conquers them. Luhrman’s film â€Å"Strictly Ballroom† is focused around the standards of ballroom dancing by which an individual must abide in order to be accepted; the protagonist, Scott Hastings, finds in Spanish dance, a passion that allows him to successfully act against these norms. Both â€Å"The Surfer† and â€Å"Strictly Ballroom† notably exemplify the awareness and appreciation of self and self worth that is achieved from triumphing over challenges and to reach an enhanced sense of fulfillment. PARA 1- the surfer As a consequence of persistence and endurance, difficult tasks can be conquered and this can significantly benefit the individual, heightening their sense of self worth and consciousness of belonging. This idea is portrayed in â€Å"The Surfer†, as the individual defeats the waves everyday, although undergoing pain every time. The euphoric feeling he gets as he rides the wave is worth the pain he suffers. As the surfer dives through the wave, a shock of pain is to be born, as with â€Å"thorns in the face, stinging†. The use of kinesthetic imagery conveys to the reader just how harsh the pain is and â€Å"the gulls went wheeling in air as he did in water, with delight† is symbolic of freedom. The comparison made between the two, shows that he is not bound by restrictions.The word choice â€Å"delight† is also important as it evokes the significant amount of joy that the surfer feels when in the water. Wright uses the metaphor â€Å"last leaf of gold† to imply that the last moments of belonging must come to an end and in doing so has conveyed to the reader, all of the surfers hard work has given him a greater sense of belonging. It is evident that the surfer endures and overcomes his challenges, and through this he truly appreciates the outcome and the  achievement he attains. PARA 2- strictly ballroom A heightened sense of belonging through the overcoming of challenges are also seen in Strictly Ballroom. The main character; Scott works through the spanish dance culture with Fran to defeat the authority and therefore giving him the power and fulfillment of individuality he would not have gotten any other wise if he did not object and take upon the risks. The challenge of authority is established in the lingering gaze between Barry Fife and Scott Hastings. Both have facial expression of intent which intensifies the difficulty that Scott is confronted with to win over the federation. His acceptance of the challenge is demonstrated as he steps out of the spot light after dancing in and out, it is symbolic of his fight to whether he will be a follower or he will go his own way. His dance moves acquired from the spanish culture enhance his and his partners confidence shown in the medium close up shot as Fran and Scott spin around holding each other, their true happiness, tenacity and passion act as a substantial threat. They’re efforts are rewarded at the end when the diagetic sound of doug clapping is heard and a round of applause erupts, symbolizing the changing heart of the dance world and the respect and acceptance of the new dance moves. As a result of taking risks and overthrowing authority, Scott enlightened the ballroom dancers and deepened his sense of self worth to have a rightful place within the dance world. PARA 3- comparison and contrast Challenges faced by the Wright and Luhrmans protagonists represent barriers which restrict them from discovering or achieving an awareness and appreciation of a genuine sense of belonging. The texts reveal the unique obstacles they encounter and the ways they deal with them to achieve a deepened sense of self and self worth. Scott is oppressed by the federation, he breaks the rules by dancing the pace doble with an outcast, Fran, who becomes his support. This is depicted at the pan pacific grand final, as Barry Fife says â€Å"That is the future of dance sport, and no one but no one is  going to change that†. This dialogue is significant to the following scene as the camera cuts to a long shot of Fran and Scott posing confidently wearing colours of red, suggesting courage and gold, demonstrating strength. The costuming used shows they have contradicted Fifes statement and weakened the federation, as seen in the high camera angle and costuming as Fife falls down in a blue coa t that symbolizes power. Therefore, proving that Fran and Scotts persistence and development have allowed them to break down the barriers of their challenges. Whereas the surfer needs to overcome his physical pain to be successful in his challenge, in order to achieve fulfillment, Scott, by comparison, needs to both build his own confidence through practice and refinement of his craft and overcome the rules of the federation. The surfers minimum amount of time before he rides a wave into shore is crucial and is symbolic of his connection he has made to the surf. â€Å"Last leaf of gold† is metaphorical for the remaining time he has before the sun goes down. The word choice of â€Å"gold† shows that he savors the time and appreciates the fulfillment he has achieved from his efforts. It is evident that to achieve fulfillment, Scott must overcome the rules of the Federation with confidence and passion whereas the surfer needs to overcome his own physical pain resulting in a more complex understand ing of belonging. CONCLUSION- summary of points The barriers and challenges presented, notably enhance the understanding and appreciation of the outcomes. Luhrman and Wrights protagonists have significantly portrayed how challenges influence the overall achievement of the individual. Through going against the federation by performing illegal steps in which prove to be of more value, Scott achieves a greater degree of appreciation of self and self worth. Where as the surfer suffers the discomfort of the challenge and pushes through them due to his understanding of the achievement that will come through his perseverance. Ultimately, a true sense of belonging is obtained through the endurance of challenges and the overcoming of barriers to attain a genuine insight of self and self worth.

The Two Willy Lomans in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman Essay

The Two Willy Lomans in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman    There are two Willy Lomans in The Death of a Salesman. There is the present broken, exhausted man in his sixties, soon to end his life. And there is the more confident, vigorous Willy of some fifteen years before, who appears in the flashbacks. One actor portrays both, readily shifting from one representation to the other. To some extent, of course, the personality remains constant. The younger Willy, although given to boastful blustering, does admit misgivings to Linda and loneliness to Biff. And the shattered older man, in turn, occasionally reverts to his former manner of jaunty optimism. Yet the changes are great and significant. The earlier Willy could never have been the idol of his teen-aged sons had he behaved in the perverse, distracted fashion of his older self. Willy's agitation during his last days stems from a twofold sense of failure. He has not been able to launch successfully in the world his beloved son Biff, and he no longer can meet the demands of his own selling job. Although not altogether ignoring Linda and Happy, he is primarily concerned about the once magnificent young football star who at thirty-four drifts from one temporary ranch job to the next. Willy cannot "walk away" from Biff'sproblem, as Bernard suggests, nor can he accept Linda's view that "life is a casting off." Being over sixty, Willy is doubtless tiring physically. The sample cases are heavy. The seven-hundred-mile drives are arduous. And many business contacts, developed over the years, are vanishing as the men of his era die or retire. Yet the worry over Biff has obviously accelerated his collapse. Actually, Willy's attitude toward Biff is complex. On the one hand, t... ...ledge. But Happy is still determined to "beat this racket"and come out "number one man." On the day of the big game, Charley ruefully asks Willy when he is going to grow up. In some ways Willy never does. His boyish enthusiasm is, of course, part of his appeal. But his persistent refusal to face facts squarely drives him at last to a violent death. Ironically, his suicide, to him the ultimate in magnificent gestures, merely leaves Linda woefully bereft and Biff more than ever sure that "he had the wrong dreams. All, all wrong." Works Cited Eisinger, Chester E. "Focus on Arthur Miller's 'Death of a Salesman': The Wrong Dreams," in American Dreams, American Nightmares, (1970 rpt In clc. Detroit: Gale Research. 1976 vol. 6:331 Gordon, Lois "Death of a Salesman": An Appreciation, in the Forties: 1969) rpt in clc. Detroit: Gale Research. 1983 vol. 26:323   

A Semiotic Approach on How Meaning Can Be Created in an Audience

A Semiotic Approach on How Meaning can Be Created In An Audience â€Å"Human intellectual and social life is based on the production, use, and exchange of signs† (Danesi, 2002) As Danesi (2002) states, signs are an integral part of society; from watching television, listening to music, reading, writing or talking, we are engaged in sign based behaviour. This engagement with signs is known as the study of semiotics.Dating back to 460-377BC, with the founder of Western medical science, Hippocrates, coining the term, then known as semeiotics, he described signs consisting of three dimensions; the physical dimension, known as the signifier, the referent, or signified, and the signification (Danesi, 2002). These dimensions only have meaning when â€Å"it has someone to mean to† (Williamson, 1978). In the 20th century, semiotic theory was developed by a group of semioticians, linguists, psychologists and cultural theorists, based on the saussurean-Piercean paradigm (Danesi, 2 002).First introduced to the public in the 1950’s by Roland Barthes, to describe our mediated culture, semiotics is essential when creating an advertisement. Among other things, semiotics plays a significant role in engaging the intended audience- the buyer. Whether it is the elderly, teens, children, men or women, the placement of colours, text, images and other signs, play a key role in the success of the advertisement (Scott, 1994).By taking a semiotic approach, this essay will demonstrate how meaning can be created in an audience, by the analysis of two advertisements, and discussing how codes and context are central in the ‘anchoring’ of meaning. First introduced by Roland Barthes (1977), the notion of anchorage, discusses the linguistic essentials that can help anchor, or constrain, how a reader interprets an image: â€Å"to fix the floating chain of signifieds† (Barthes, 1977). The advertisements chosen are from differing and contrasting magazines; the first from iconic fashion magazine Vogue and the other from a men’s magazine, Men’s Health.These differing genres have been chosen to illustrate how contexts and codes within specific social relations, groups, classes, institutions, structures and things (Thwaites, Davis and Mules, 2002) play an integral role in creating meaning (Scribd, 2012). Much of what we have come to understand about society, is learnt from the texts that are presented around us; through Hollywood blockbusters, to novels and magazines. Chandler concludes that â€Å"life is thus lived through texts and framed by texts to a greater extent than we are normally aware of† (Chandler, 2001).This means that advertisements not only refer to ‘real world’ concepts that we deal with day to day, but they also make reference to other texts. The level of this ‘intertextuality’ (Fiske, 1987) is what influences social beliefs and ideals in the world we live in. The advertiseme nt from Vogue (See ad 1) features a sepia- colour scheme, with an alluring female to the right, and a bottle of ‘j’adore Dior’ perfume, to the left. Many signifiers are present in this advertisement; the female (Charlize Theron), is dressed in an elegant gold beaded dress, with a high beaded neckline, drawing the viewers eye to her strong jaw-line and bronzed face.Her pose is that of elegance and power, the background light shining around her slim figure. The colour of the clothing, and overall image, compliment the golden-sepia tone of the bottle of perfume on the left. Chandeliers are placed around the perfume bottle, and out of focus behind the woman. The signifieds present are; the gold dress giving an impression of the woman being a high profile member of society of, chandeliers are present in homes of the wealthy and the sepia tones represent warmth. By using a female of celebrity status, the advertisements appeal rises with the wider female audience, due t o her known status.The key connotations featured in this advertisement are; the gold coloured dress connotes wealth, elegance and popularity. The powerful and elegant stance of the woman connotes power a female will gain when wearing this fragrance. Due to her celebrity status, the audience can also feel empowered, with a ‘celebrity’ status. The sepia tones connote warmth, and invite the viewer to become involved with the advertisement. Along with the bronzed body of the woman, the French writing j’adore (meaning I love) adds an essence of romance, and connotes desire, and sex appeal.As the ad connotes power, it is open for both upper and lower/middle class woman to interpret. Upper class woman could strive to maintain power, whilst lower class desire to gain power, by using the product. The way the creators of the ad have placed the female in this position, in these surroundings, to represent the product, has been done deliberately to target the desired audience ; woman have a desire to feel beautiful, powerful, and sexy, therefore the creator has appropriately placed the advertisement in a women’s very well known and popular fashion magazine, to gain maximum results from the targeted audience.Leiss (1990) states that â€Å"at the core of advertising’s purposes now is not the message itself as a communicator of meaning, but rather its relationship to the audience† (Leiss et al. , 1990). With the development of the theory of marketing segmentation, it is logical to therefore conclude that creators of advertisements don’t focus on the product, but the signs and codes that connate particular meanings of positivity that are related to a certain lifestyle, culture, or social group (Scribd, 2012).The connotations pervade media representations, and symbolise psychological or social themes and situations that are familiar and understandable to the audience (Danesi, 2002), in order to successfully sell the product. The ad vertisement from the Men’s Health (see ad 2), is selling ‘Tom Ford Perfume’. This somewhat controversial ad has many key signifiers. The male figure lying on a bed is the predominant focus, followed by a female hand with red nail polish touching the male’s chest. The object that is being advertised is only shown as a half.The basic colour scheme is black and white, with the exception of the red nail polish and orange cologne bottle. The signifieds present are; the male is an essential selling point of the advertisement, therefore he takes up the majority of the page. Sex appeal is what the advertiser is trying to convey, and the glimpse of a female hand can be seen as elegant and flirty. The key connotations are; the male figure as desirable and powerful- every woman would want an intimate connection with him. The red fingernails connote passion, desire, lust, and a thirst for action (Danesi, 2002).By using this cologne, the advertisement connotes that the user will become the ultimate object of desire, playing in to the male want of intimate connections with females. As the male figure has ‘sex appeal’ the advertisement encourages the partner of a male to purchase the fragrance, so she could have a ‘sexy’ male partner. The orange tone of the cologne bottle connotes warmth, stimulating the senses. When producers try to convey certain meanings, audiences may or may not assign the same meanings (Littlejohn, 1996).As mentioned in the first analysis, the advertisement is open to other audiences, whilst the male cologne ad is more closed, but it is up to the reader to decide whether or not they belong to the context or not. Signs are combined in to texts, but a text has no meaning on its own (Smagorinsky, 2001). It draws value from surrounding elements and from reader association, but also from what it is not (Littlejohn, 1998). The amalgamation of these creates the context in which the text functions; if you are n’t a wearer of perfume or cologne, you will have no interest in what it is trying to sell you, hence the importance of context.Thwaites and colleagues (2002) mention that â€Å"the social situations in which a sign is used may determine the appropriate content, type of sign and coding; signs contextual functions indicate the context in which it operates (Thwaites, Davis and Mules, 2002). Chandler explains that Stuart Hall pointed to the role of social positioning in the interpretation of mass media texts by different social groups (Chandler, 2001). Hall also suggested three hypothetical models of interpretive codes or positions for the reader of a text (Hall, 1980). But what Hall and also Chandler miss, is what happens when you don’t understand an advertisement at all?Because, as Griffin says; â€Å"like chameleons that take on the colouration of their environment, words take on their meaning of the context in which they are used† (Griffin, 2000). The opinion that the usefulness of semiotics decreases and is above all dependant on the skill of the interpreter is not new. Leiss (1990) argues that a key drawback for semiotics is that â€Å"it is heavily dependent upon the skill of the individual analyst† (Leiss, 1990). Less skilful analysts â€Å"can do little more than state the obvious in a complex and often pretentious manner† (Leiss, 1990).As Littlejohn (1996) states â€Å"meanings of a message are affected by events outside the message itself†, therefore the most successful advertisements focus on making sure the audience understands the content being conveyed (codes) and the content lays emphasis on certain meanings over others (context). In this perspective, the kind of magazine reflects how meanings are emphasised. Bignell (1997) even argues that â€Å"as well as being a collection of signs, the magazine is a sign in itself† (Bignell, 1997), the magazine is therefore a â€Å"powerful ideological forceâ €  (McRobbie, 2000) in society.Even though some postmodernists believe that texts are endlessly polysemic (Barthes 1977, Fiske 1987), meanings are still able to be communicated. Leiss (1990) argues that â€Å"for advertising to create meaning, the reader or viewer must do some ‘work’, because the meaning is not lying there on the page, one has to make an effort to grasp it† (Leiss et al, 1990). When analysing both of these advertisements, this statement is correct- the creators of the ad have given the reader ‘A and C’ but the reader must fill in the blank, or as it is known in this example, B.The application of semiotics in advertising varies significantly depending on the product being sold. Common themes almost always stay the same- the sense of freedom or excitement you get from purchasing a specific car or the feeling of popularity when you drink a certain type of alcohol (Messaris, 1997). This is done by using specific images, which resonate with the intended audience. For example, if there is an advertisement for a new Jeep, images of it going through all types of terrain will be shown, or alcoholic beverages are advertised at a party scene, all to make the audience want to buy the product (Messaris, 1997).As Chandler and Bignell suggest, signs and codes can be a medium itself, and described by Leiss (1990) â€Å"an ad is a mediator between creator and reader, standing at the confluence of the double symbolic process in the marketplace, where producers of goods try to attempt to construct one set of meanings, and where consumers use these meanings (along with meanings drawn from other sources) in the construction of their own lifestyles† (Leiss et al. , 1990).This is why semiotics is significant, even on a basic level, as it can show us how meanings have the ability to both construct and maintain particular social attitudes and ideals of a specific society. On a multifaceted level, the notion of intertextuality is intriguing and should be studied more widely as it exposes the many intricate ways in which contexts transfer from each other, showing how the contexts migrate from one another and portray the uncertainty of meaning. Appendix Ad 1. Ad 2. Bibliography Barthes, R. 1977, Image-Music-Text, London. Bignell, J. 1997, Media Semiotics: An Introduction, Manchester: Manchester University Press.Chandler, D (2001), â€Å"Semiotics, the basics†, Routledge. Culler, J. 1985, Saussure, London. Danesi, M. 2002, ‘An Outline of Semiotic Theory’, In Understanding Media Semiotics, London, pp 28-53. Dior, 2012, (‘Dior Advertisement’), Vogue Magazine, June 2012, pp. 1-2. Fiske, J. 1987, â€Å"Intertextuality† in Fiske, J, Television culture, Methuen Griffin, E. 2000, Communication; a first look at communication theory, McGraw-Hill. Hall, S, 1980, Encoding/decoding, In Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies (Ed. ): Culture, Media, Language: Working Papers in Cu ltural Studies, London. Leiss, W. Kline, S. & Jhally S. , 1990, Social Communication in Advertising: Persons, Products and Images of Well-Being, 2nd Edn, London. Littlejohn, S. 1996, Theories of Human Communication, 5th Edn, Wadsworth. McRobbie, A. 1995, Feminism and Youth Culture, 2nd edition, Macmillan Press, London. Messaris, P. 1997, Visual Persuasion: The Role of Images in Advertising, Sage. Scott, M. 1994, ‘Images in Advertising: The need for a Theory of Visual Rhetoric, Journal of Consumer Research, vol. 21 No. 2, pp. 252-273. Scribd 2012, Scribd, Date Accessed 25 May 2012, http://www. scribd. om/doc/22099314/Semiotic-analysis-of-two-ads? &lang=en_us&output=json&session-id=74ea6fd65172766fface3eec2d5bfb14. Smagorinsky, P. 2001,’ If meaning is constructed, what is it made from? Toward a cultural theory of reading’, Review of Educational Research, vol. 71, pp. 133-169. Tom Ford, 2010, (‘Tome Ford Advertisement’), Men’s Hea lth Magazine, March 2010, pp. 2. Thwaites, T. , Davis, L. & Mules, W. 2002, Introducing Cultural and Media Studies; a semiotic approach, New York. Williamson, J. 1978, Decoding Advertisements; Ideology and Meaning in Advertising, London.

Roanoke: the Lost Colony

Roanoke: The Lost Colony Roanoke was the first attempt at creating an English settlement in the New World. It began in 1587 when Sir Walter Raleigh gathered over 100 people to voyage to Roanoke Island on North Carolina’s coast. Three years later, all of Roanoke’s inhabitants were gone with barely any evidence that they even lived there. The only clues found were the letter â€Å"CRO† carved into the trunk of a tree. On the nearby palisades, John white found the word â€Å"CROATOAN† carved into the surface.I believe the colonists of Roanoke voyaged to the nearby island of Croatoan and were absorbed by the native tribes. White, finding the clues, then began trying to identify the fate of the villagers. Before leaving, he told the villagers to leave clues as to their location should they have to leave the colony. White knew of an island called Croatoan south of Roanoke. A storm forced White and his men back to England before he could search for his family.Ano ther clue as to where the colonists went is the fact that several of the natives in Croatoan describe their ancestors as white people. Later, there were natives found with gray eyes which were only found among these natives and no others. The natives also claim their ancestors came from â€Å"Roanoke in Virginia. † The Pembrokes, the natives of Croatoan, spoke pure Anglo-Saxon English and bore the last names of many of the lost colonists. The natives even had fair eyes, light hair, and Anglo bone structure.These clues all point to the colonists voyaging into Croatoan and making a settlement there. Apart from telling the colonists to leave Clues, White also told them to carve a Maltese cross above their destination. Because no cross was found at Roanoke, it leads me to believe the colonists had to leave in a hurry. There could have been a threat of invasion which gave the colonists little time to escape and leave clues to their whereabouts. The lost colony of Roanoke was aband oned and its inhabitants voyaged into the wilderness and joined local native tribes.

Arthur Conan Doyle Essay Example

Arthur Conan Doyle Essay Example Arthur Conan Doyle Paper Arthur Conan Doyle Paper Look carefully at The Speckled Bank and The Five Orange Pips. How does the writer create mystery and suspense in these stories? Explain how he uses language to create character and atmosphere. What does this tell about the conventions of the Victorian short story? Arthur Conan Doyles The Speckled Band is about a young girl named Helen Stoner who is in fear of her life and seeks the advice if Sherlock Holmes. Her sister died two years ago and she has been hearing the same things as she heard before she died. Sherlock Holmes investigates the mystery and finds it is her stepfather that killed her sister with a snake. The Five Orange Pips is about a young man called John Openshaw. His uncle Elias and his father have been killed. Just before the killings they both received a letter with five dried orange pips and the letters KKK. John has got the same letter. Sherlock Holmes finds that the Ku Klux Klan killed John his uncle and father. The killers were sailing to America and drowned at sea. The Speckled Band and The Five Orange Pips are both short stories by Arthur Conan Doyle. The stories tell of a mystical tail and of how the mysteries are solved by Sherlock Holmes with the help of his close friend Dr Watson. Both the The Speckled Band and The Five Orange Pips are set in the south of England, The Five Orange Pips is on a small estate in Sussex, near Horsham, but Sherlock Holmes and Dr Watson never go to the estate. The Speckled Band is also set in the south of England, on the western border of Surrey. The reason for setting the stories in the south of England is because it would be familiar to the reader. At that time London was where many rich people lived and they would know the area well around London. The rich readers would be able to identify with the characters and what happens to them. Another reason is that both the estates that are in the stories are in the countryside and would have been cut off from a big town or city, but still being able to reach each estate within two or three hours. These estates would be remote, Conan Doyle would have done this to create suspense. Both of the stories have links abroad. In The Five Orange Pips John Openshaws uncle emigrated to America when he was a young man and in The Speckled Band Helen Stoners stepfather went to India to work as a doctor. The events in the stories both relate to what happened to the main characters abroad. For example when Johns uncle lived in America he join the Ku Klux Klan and this is why John, his uncle and his farther have died. Helens stepfather worked in India he had snakes, cheaters and baboons set over to England for him. By having links to abroad this introduces mystery to the story because snakes, baboons, cheaters and the Ku Klux Klan are strange and foreign. In The Five Orange Pips John turn up late at night again an inconvenient time for Holmes and Watson. When John goes to see Holmes there is a storm outside, It was in the late days of September, and the equinoctial gales had set in with exceptional violence. Conan Doyle uses the storm as a literary device, by mirroring the storm outside as the emotional storm inside John Openshaws head. The storm is at night and this would increase the suspense, as the street would be dark when John leaves Holmess house and we know he is in danger. In The Speckled Band Helen comes at an inconvenient time to see Homes early in the morning, before Holmes and Watson are up. When Holmes and Watson go to Helens house they arrive in the day and look around the house and then the action happens at night. When you hear him retire for the night, you must open the shutters of your window, undo the hasp, put your lamp there as a signal to us Holmes would only be able to see the lamp at night. Conan Doyle sets all the action at night to increase suspense. If it were to be in the day time and light and sunny there would be not be so much suspense about what is ahead. In the dark you do not see what is happening so everything seems scarier, The shutters cut off the least ray of light, and we waited in absolute darkness. In both the stories the characters can be put in to categories.

Regulatory Response to the Financial Crisis which began in 2007 Essay

Regulatory Response to the Financial Crisis which began in 2007 - Essay Example 1). The debate still rages as to the real cause of the crisis. King (2011, p. 48) indicates that a major contributor to the global crisis was global imbalances which requires rebalancing of global demand in order to facilitate a sustainable recovery. This paper provides a brief synopsis of the events and the regulations which followed in the US, Germany, UK, Netherlands and Spain. According to Blundell-Wignall and Atkinson (2010, p. 2) every banking crisis has been associated with major disruptions as well as recessions and this is the reason for certain bank regulations. New regulatory responses are generated by every global financial crisis (Helleiner 2010). This was no different for the crisis which started in 2007 resulting in what has been described as ‘the Great Recession.’ Regulatory Response in the United States According to the U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee (2010) a multitude of events led to the Great Recession of 2008-2009. They include the housing b ubble which was caused by cheap credit made to persons who would not qualify for a loan under normal circumstances; low interest rates; failure of regulatory agencies; and inflated rating grades provided by credit rating agencies. In order to mitigate the crisis United States government introduced what they described as Targeted Asset Relief Program (TARP) and the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program (TLGP) – (Eubanks 2010b, p. 2). The TARP was later expanded to include automobile companies such as GM and Chrysler (U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee 2010). A number of regulatory proposals were put forward in relation to consumer protection, modernisation of the regulatory system and restoring stability (Eubanks 2010a). These led to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of July 2010 and a consolidation of the regulatory bodies. The objective of the act is to â€Å"create a sound economic foundation to grow jobs, protect consumers, rein in Wall St reet and big bonuses, end bailouts and too big to fail, prevent another financial crisis†. According to Lo (2009, p. 27) there has been a recent proposal to suspend Fair-Value – FASB Statement No. 157. Fair-value or mark-to-market accounting requires the valuations of firms’ asset at fair market prices and not on a historical cost basis. The practice which has forced a number of firms to write down their assets and thus triggering defaults and insolvencies has been blamed for the financial crisis. Regulatory Response in Germany In Germany the single regulator of financial services – the German Financial Supervisory Authority which was established in 2002 in order to improve stability and integrity in the German financial system had its regulatory authority greatly increased in 2009. This was done in order to improve its capacity to manage the financial crisis. The act for strengthening the financial market and insurance supervision became effective on Augu st 1, 2009 (Eubanks 2010b). This act was a measure which had the objective of increasing the preventative, supervisory and intervening powers of this regulatory authority. The act also facilitated the strengthening of informational and reporting requirements for financial institutions, insurance companies

Factors affecting performance - Fluid intake Essay

Factors affecting performance - Fluid intake - Essay Example Additionally, blood plasma ensures that the arteries and other blood vessels have sufficient fluids. This prevents potential clogging of such tissues. In line with the above fact is the issue of blood pressure. Water plays a cardiovascular function; it ensures that the heart and the surrounding components of the system work correctly. Clogging in the blood vessels may lead to high blood pressure among various illnesses. 2 Water is a transport agent in the body; it is responsible for the transportation of nutrients, waste products, hormones, buffering agents as well as medication or other supplements. Waste products are eliminated from the body through a detoxification process. Water facilitates this by absorbing waste products from cells and transporting them to excretory organs such as the skin or kidney. 3 An example of such a waste product is excess amino acids. The amino acids are converted into urea and eventually eliminated from the body through the kidneys. Water moves this product from the cells. It also moves nutrients into the cells by acting as a solvent for them. Typical examples include glucose, vitamins and other minerals. Through this process, water enhances the body’s ability to metabolise nutrients and thus makes them available in the body. 4 It also plays a critical role in the transportation of hormones. For instance, it facilitates the transportation of insulin. This hormone works on glucose molecules in order to produce energy needed for physiological needs in the body. It is because of this function that blood has an effect on blood sugar levels hence susceptibility to diabetes. Transportation of buffering agents also occurs through the blood. The body needs to have a constant ph level of between 7.38 and 7.42. 5 Buffering agents are mild bases or acids designed to counter sudden increases in acidity or alkalinity of the blood. Examples here include a phosphate